> ... correlation between UC and a dietary factor?
Dietary risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter
case-control study in Japan.
To evaluate the role of dietary factors in the etiology of
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we conducted a multicenter hospital-
based case-control study in a Japanese population. Cases were IBD
patients aged 15 to 34 years [ulcerative colitis (UC) 111 patients;
Crohn's disease (CD) 128 patients] within 3 years after diagnosis in
13 hospitals. One control subject was recruited for each case who was
matched for ***, age, and hospital. A semiquantitative food frequency
questionnaire was used to estimate preillness intakes of food groups
and nutrients. All the available control subjects (n = 219) were
pooled, and unconditional logistic models were applied to calculate
odds ratios (ORs). In the food groups, a higher consumption of sweets
was positively associated with UC risk [OR for the highest versus
lowest quartile, 2.86; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.24 to 6.57],
whereas the consumption of sugars and sweeteners (OR, 2.12; 95% CI,
1.08 to 4.17), sweets (OR, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.38 to 5.83), fats and oils
(OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.29 to 5.39), and fish and shellfish (OR, 2.41;
95% CI, 1.18-4.89) were positively associated with CD risk. In respect
to nutrients, the intake of vitamin C (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.99)
was negatively related to UC risk, while the intake of total fat (OR,
2.86; 95% CI, 1.39 to 5.90), monounsaturated fatty acids (OR, 2.49;
95% CI, 1.23 to 5.03) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (OR, 2.31; 95%
CI, 1.12 to 4.79), vitamin E (OR, 3.23; 95% CI, 1.45 to 7.17), and n-3
(OR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.52 to 6.88) and n-6 fatty acids (OR, 2.57; 95%
CI, 1.24 to 5.32) was positively associated with CD risk. Although
this study suffers from the shortcoming of recall bias, which is
inherent in most retrospective studies (prospective studies are
warranted to confirm the associations between diet and IBD risk), the
present findings suggest the im****tance of dietary factors for IBD
prevention. PMID: 15677909
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